The stock of foreign direct investment in Romania’s real estate transactions sector reached approximately €22.1 billion at the end of 2025, representing 16.4% of the country’s total FDI stock, according to National Bank of Romania data analysed by Cushman & Wakefield Echinox.
Real estate has therefore become the second-largest destination for foreign capital in Romania, behind manufacturing, which accounted for €35.7 billion, or 26.5% of total FDI stock. Across the economy, Romania attracted €7.9 billion in net foreign direct investment flows in 2025, up 41.1% year-on-year.
Real estate attracted €479 million in 2025
Real estate transactions generated net FDI inflows of €479 million in 2025, compared with €593 million a year earlier. Construction separately attracted €74 million, taking the sector’s FDI stock to €1.82 billion.
Combined, construction and real estate transactions attracted €553 million in net FDI flows last year, down 11.8% from €627 million in 2024. Despite the decline, the sector retained fourth place among economic activities attracting the largest foreign investment flows.
Nearly €24 billion invested in construction and real estate
Between 2015 and 2025, the FDI stock in construction and real estate transactions increased by 185.7%, from around €8.4 billion to nearly €23.9 billion. That represents an increase of approximately €15.5 billion over a decade. The sector’s share of Romania’s total FDI stock also rose by 4.8 percentage points during the period.
Construction and real estate now represent the second-largest destination for foreign capital after industry, which accounts for 37.8% of total FDI stock. Trade follows with 15.8%, while financial intermediation and insurance account for 14.8%. Together, the four sectors represent 86.2% of Romania’s total net FDI stock.
Romania’s total FDI stock reaches €134.8 billion
At the end of 2025, Romania’s total net foreign direct investment stock reached €134.8 billion, up 7.8% from 2024. Equity, including accumulated reinvested earnings, stood at €98.16 billion, representing 72.8% of the total, while debt instruments amounted to €36.66 billion.
Over the past decade, Romania’s total FDI stock has more than doubled, rising from €64.7 billion in 2015 to €134.8 billion in 2025, an increase of 108.5%. FDI stock was equivalent to 35.5% of GDP at the end of last year.
Bucharest-Ilfov captures nearly two-thirds of foreign capital
Foreign investment remains heavily concentrated geographically. The Bucharest-Ilfov region accounts for 66.9% of Romania’s total FDI stock, up from 65.4% in 2024. The same concentration is visible in commercial real estate, with Bucharest-Ilfov accounting for almost 63% of the country’s modern office, retail, industrial and logistics stock.
